The Advisory Committee for Measurement-based Care and the Mental and Behavioral Health Registry (MBHR) are experts in the fields of outcome measurement, psychotherapy, clinical research, and quality improvement. They have identified a variety of patient-reported outcome measures that can be used by individuals, groups, and systems to measure treatment progress and ensure high quality care that can be used by psychologists getting started with measurement-based care (MBC).
The MBHR measures cover a variety of domains including anxiety, pain interference, social role functioning, sleep quality, posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use, and ADHD.
Adults
Alcohol use disorder
The PROMIS Alcohol Use-Short Form 7a (PDF, 217KB)opens in new window is a seven-item self-report scale that measures drinking patterns, cue-based drinking, cravings to drink, and efforts to control drinking that indicate problematic drinking over the past 30 days. A T-score over 55 may indicate problems with drinking alcohol.
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C) (PDF, 255KB)opens in new window is the most widely implemented screening instrument for harmful alcohol use; however, it does not have adequate psychometric evidence to strongly support its use as a monitoring instrument.
The Brief Assessment of Recovery Capital (BARC-10) (PDF, 456KB)opens in new window is a strength-based self-report that assesses an individual’s recovery capital through 10 domains. Recovery capital is the characteristics and assets that a person develops on the recovery journey from a substance use disorder. Total scores above 47 are associated with sustained recovery at 12 months posttreatment.
Anxiety
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) (PDF, 364KB)opens in new window is a brief 7-item self-reported measure that uses some of the DSM-5 criteria for GAD to identify probable cases of GAD along with measuring anxiety symptom severity. It can also be used as a screening measure of panic, social anxiety, and PTSD. Most patients with GAD had GAD-7 scores of 10 or greater, whereas most patients without GAD had scores less than 10.
The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)opens in new window is a 21-item self-reported measure using a four-point scale to assess the intensity of physical and cognitive anxiety symptoms experienced by the patient during the past week.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) (PDF, 159KB)opens in new window is a symptom checklist that can be used as a tool to help screen for ADHD in adult patients. The ASRS-v1.1 has two subscales: Inattention (subscale A) and Hyperactivity (subscale B). A clinically significant baseline ASRS v1.1 score is that of 18 or above for ADHD Inattentive (subscale A) or a score of 18 or above for ADHD Hyperactive (subscale B).
Pain interference
The PROMIS Pain Interference (PI) Short Form 8a (PDF, 514KB)opens in new window measures the extent to which pain hinders an individual’s engagement with physical, mental, cognitive, emotional, recreational, and social activities. It includes eight questions referencing the past seven days and is appropriate to use across the general population and individuals with pain conditions. The measure produces a T-score with a mean of 50 (standard deviation=10) in the general population. Higher scores indicate more pain interference. Scores less than 55 are considered within normal limits, 55–60 mild, 60–70 moderate, and greater than 70 severe.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) (PDF, 806KB)opens in new window is a 20-item self-report measure that assesses the DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD experienced in the past month. A PCL-5 score of 33 or more is indicative of probable PTSD.
Sleep quality
The Insomnia Severity Index (PDF, 269KB)opens in new window is a 7-item self-report measure that examines the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia over the past two weeks. A cutoff score of 10 was optimal for detecting insomnia cases in the community sample. According to the scoring instructions, a total score of 15–21 indicate clinical insomnia (moderate severity) and scores of 22–28 indicate severe clinical insomnia.
Social role functioning
The PROMIS Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities – Short Form 8a (PDF, 255KB)opens in new window is a patient-reported outcome measure that assesses one’s perceived ability to perform their usual social roles and activities. It includes eight questions and is appropriate to use with the general population and individuals with health conditions. The measure produces a T-score with a mean of 50 (standard deviation=10) in the general population. Higher scores indicate higher ability to function in one’s usual social roles (e.g., with family, friends). Scores greater than 45 are considered within normal limits, 40–45 mild impairment/dysfunction, 30–40 moderate impairment/dysfunction, and less than 30 severe impairment/dysfunction.
Children
ADHD
The Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale—Parent Report (WFIRS-P) (PDF, 55KB)opens in new window is a 50-item scale that assesses functional impairment on six clinically relevant domains typically affected in ADHD for children aged 4 to 18. A WFIRS-P total mean score of 0.65 or greater has been found as an effective basis for differentiating between individuals with/without ADHD in terms of functional impairment.
Psychosocial functioning
The Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17) (PDF, 208KB)opens in new window is a brief questionnaire that can help providers assess the likelihood of finding any mental health disorder in patients aged 3 to 17. Higher scores on the three subscales or the total score can indicate an increased likelihood of a behavioral health disorder. The suggested screen cutoffs are an Internalizing score greater than or equal to 5, an Attention score greater than or equal to 7, an Externalizing score greater than or equal to 7, or a total score greater than or equal to 15.
PTSD
The Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen (CATS) - Youth Report (PDF, 390KB)opens in new window (ages 7–17) questionnaire is a brief measure of potentially traumatic events and of posttraumatic stress symptoms based on the DSM-5 criteria for PTSD. A score of 15–20 indicates the likelihood of moderate trauma-related distress. A score of 21 or greater indicates probable PTSD.